Chiyambi cha Malasha
Malasha ndi mtundu wa mchere wa zinthu zakale wopangidwa ndi kaboni. Amakonzedwa ndi kaboni, haidrojeni, mpweya, nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina, zomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ngati mafuta. Pakadali pano, malasha ali ndi mphamvu yosungidwa yopitilira nthawi 63 kuposa mafuta. Malasha ankatchedwa golide wakuda ndipo chakudya cha mafakitale, ndiye mphamvu yayikulu kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18. Pa nthawi ya kusintha kwa mafakitale, pamodzi ndi kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito injini ya nthunzi, malasha amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mafuta a mafakitale ndipo adabweretsa mphamvu zazikulu kwambiri zopindulitsa kwa anthu.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Malasha
Makala a ku China amagawidwa m'magulu khumi. Kawirikawiri, makala osalimba, makala ophikira, makala amafuta, makala a gasi, makala ofooka, osalumikizidwa ndi malasha amoto wautali amatchedwa makala a bituminous; makala osalimba amatchedwa semi Anthracite; Ngati kuchuluka kwa malasha osasunthika kuli kopitirira 40%, amatchedwa lignite.
Tebulo la magulu a malasha (makamaka malasha ophikira)
| Gulu | Malasha ofewa | Malasha ochepa | Malasha opanda mafuta | Makala ophikira | Makala amafuta | Malasha a gasi | Malasha ofooka | Malasha osakhala ndi bond | Malasha amoto aatali | Malasha abulauni |
| Kusakhazikika | 0~10 | >10~20 | >14~20 | 14~30 | 26~37 | >30 | >20~37 | >20~37 | >37 | >40 |
| Makhalidwe a Cinder | / | 0 (ufa) | 0 (mabuloko) 8~20 | 12~25 | 12~25 | 9~25 | 0(mabuloko)~9 | 0 (ufa) | 0~5 | / |
Wopepuka:
Kawirikawiri ndi yayikulu, yakuda bulauni, yowala kwambiri, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe otayirira; Ili ndi pafupifupi 40% ya zinthu zosinthasintha, malo otsika oyatsira moto komanso yosavuta kugwira moto. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gasi, makampani opanga liquefaction, power boiler, ndi zina zotero.
Makala a bituminous:
Kawirikawiri imakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tating'ono komanso tofanana ndi ufa, makamaka yakuda komanso yonyezimira, yokhala ndi kapangidwe kake kakang'ono, yokhala ndi zinthu zopitilira 30% zosinthasintha, malo otsika oyatsira moto komanso yosavuta kuyatsa; Makala ambiri a bituminous ndi omata ndipo ndi osavuta kuwatsa moto akamayaka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga cooking, coasting coal, power boiler ndi gasification.
Anthracite:
Pali mitundu iwiri ya ufa ndi zidutswa zazing'ono, zomwe ndi zakuda, zachitsulo komanso zonyezimira. Zosafunika kwenikweni, kapangidwe kakang'ono, mpweya wosasunthika wambiri, mpaka 80%; Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wosasunthika ndi kochepa, pansi pa 10%, malo oyatsira moto ndi okwera, ndipo sikophweka kugwira moto. Kuchuluka koyenera kwa malasha ndi nthaka kuyenera kuwonjezedwa kuti kuyaka kuchepetse mphamvu ya moto. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga gasi kapena mwachindunji ngati mafuta.
Kuyenda kwa njira yopukutira malasha
Pogaya malasha, makamaka zimadalira kuchuluka kwa Harzburg grindability coefficient. Pamene Harzburg grindability coefficient ikukula, kugaya kumakhala bwino (≥ 65), ndipo pamene Harzburg grindability coefficient ing'ono, kugaya kumakhala kovuta (55-60).
Ndemanga:
① sankhani makina akuluakulu malinga ndi zofunikira pa kutulutsa ndi kusalala;
② Ntchito yaikulu: malasha ophwanyidwa ndi kutentha
Kusanthula kwa mitundu ya mphero yopera
1. Mphero ya Pendulum (HC, mphero ya malasha yophwanyidwa ya HCQ):
Mtengo wotsika wogulira, kutulutsa kwakukulu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, zida zokhazikika komanso phokoso lochepa; Vutoli ndilakuti mtengo wogwirira ntchito ndi wokwera kuposa mtengo wa mphero yoyimirira.
Tebulo la mphamvu ya mphero yopukusira ya HC (200 mesh D90)
|
| HC1300 | HC1700 | HC2000 |
| Kutha (t/h) | 3-5 | 8-12 | 15-20 |
| Mota yaikulu ya mphero (kw) | 90 | 160 | 315 |
| Mota yofuulira (kw) | 90 | 160 | 315 |
| Galimoto yogawa (kw) | 15 | 22 | 75 |
Ndemanga (kapangidwe kake kakulu):
① Dongosolo lotseguka la Hongcheng lopangidwa ndi patent lagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malasha a lignite ndi malasha a lawi lalitali omwe ali ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu.
② Chimango cha maluwa a plum chokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira a pendulum chimagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a manja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale ndi zotsatira zabwino.
③ Chipangizo choteteza kuphulika chapangidwira dongosololi.
④ Chosonkhanitsira fumbi ndi mapaipi ziyenera kupangidwa kuti zisawononge fumbi kwambiri momwe zingathere.
⑤ Pa makina otumizira ufa, makasitomala akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito njira yotumizira mpweya ndikuwonjezera njira yotumizira nayitrogeni ndi nitric oxide.
2. Mphanga woyima wa malasha (mphanga woyima wa HLM):
Kutulutsa kwakukulu, kupanga kwakukulu, kukonza kochepa, makina odzipangira okha komanso ukadaulo wokhwima wa mpweya wotentha. Choyipa chake ndi ndalama zambiri zogulira komanso malo akuluakulu pansi.
Mafotokozedwe ndi magawo aukadaulo a mphero yoyimirira ya malasha ya HLM (makampani opanga zitsulo)
| Chitsanzo | HLM1300MF | HLM1500MF | HLM1700MF | HLM1900MF | HLM2200MF | HLM2400MF | HLM2800MF |
| Kutha (t/h) | 13-17 | 18-22 | 22-30 | 30-40 | 40-50 | 50-70 | 70-100 |
| Chinyezi cha zinthu | ≤15% | ||||||
| Kusalala kwa chinthu | D80 | ||||||
| Chinyezi cha chinthu | ≤1% | ||||||
| Mphamvu yayikulu ya injini (kw) | 160 | 250 | 315 | 400 | 500 | 630 | 800 |
Gawo Loyamba:Ckuthamanga kwa zinthu zopangira
LalikuluMalashaChipangizocho chimaphwanyidwa ndi chotsukira mpaka kufika pamlingo wochepa (15mm-50mm) womwe ungalowe mu mphero yopera.
GawoII: Gkupukuta
WophwanyidwaMalashaZipangizo zazing'ono zimatumizidwa ku hopper yosungiramo zinthu ndi elevator, kenako zimatumizidwa ku chipinda chopukusira cha mphero mofanana komanso mochuluka ndi chodyetsera kuti chipukute.
Gawo Lachitatu:Sankhaniing
Zipangizo zophwanyidwa zimayesedwa ndi dongosolo lowunikira, ndipo ufa wosayenerera umayesedwa ndi chogawa ndikubwezedwa ku makina akuluakulu kuti uperedwenso.
GawoV: Ckusonkhanitsa zinthu zomalizidwa
Ufa wofanana ndi kupyapyala umadutsa mu payipi pamodzi ndi mpweya ndipo umalowa mu chosonkhanitsira fumbi kuti ulekanitsidwe ndi kutengedwa. Ufa womalizidwa wosonkhanitsidwa umatumizidwa ku silo ya chinthu chomalizidwa ndi chipangizo chonyamulira kudzera mu doko lotulutsira, kenako nkupachikidwa ndi chosungira ufa kapena chopakira chokha.
Zitsanzo zogwiritsira ntchito pokonza ufa wa malasha
Chitsanzo ndi chiwerengero cha zida izi: Ma seti atatu a makina opukusira a HC1700 open circuit system
Kukonza zinthu zopangira: Anthracite
Kusalala kwa chinthu chomalizidwa: 200 mesh D92
Kutha kwa Zida: matani 8-12 / ola
Pulojekitiyi ikupereka malasha opukutidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa boiler yotenthetsera pansi pa nthaka mu mgodi wa malasha wa Bulianta wa gulu lina. Wopanga ntchitoyo ndi China Academy of Coal Sciences. Kuyambira mu 2009, Chinese Academy of Coal Sciences yakhala mgwirizano wa Hongcheng komanso mgwirizano wamphamvu. Mapulojekiti onse a boiler opukutidwa ndi malasha ndi malasha opukutidwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphero yopukutira ku Hongcheng kuti agwirizane ndi makina. Kwa zaka 6 zapitazi, Hongcheng yagwirizana ndi Academy of Coal Sciences, ndipo mapulojekiti opukutira malasha opukutidwa afalikira m'malo onse opanga malasha ku China. Pulojekitiyi imagwiritsa ntchito ma seti atatu a Raymond mills okhala ndi makina otseguka a HC1700, omwe amapangidwira makamaka kupukutira malasha opukutidwa. Hc1700 mill yopukutira malasha imagwiritsa ntchito makina otseguka, kukhazikitsa chipangizo choteteza kuphulika ndi njira zina, ndipo makinawo ndi otetezeka komanso odalirika. Mphamvu ya HC1700 mill ndi 30-40% kuposa ya mphero yachikhalidwe yopukusira pendulum, yomwe imasunga mphamvu komanso yoteteza chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-22-2021
